Skip to main content
Dhar el-Jebel detention center evacuation postponed
War in Gaza:: find out how we're responding
Learn more
Libya remains fragmented by a decade of conflict and political instability. The breakdown of law and order, the collapse of the economy, and fighting have decimated the healthcare system.

Almost all people who attempt to cross the Mediterranean Sea pass through Libya. Between January and mid-August 2021, the EU-funded Libyan Coastguard intercepted over 22,000 people at sea and returned them to Libya. This has resulted in an increase in the number of people arbitrarily detained in detention centres, often in violent, inhumane conditions. 

MSF provides medical care and food and hygiene kits to people held in detention centres in the country’s northwest.

Migrants and refugees living outside detention centres are exposed to life-threatening risks, such as being held captive by trafficking networks in clandestine jails. Our teams provide healthcare to migrant communities outside of detention – including those who have escaped – in Tripoli and Bani Walid.

MSF also supports the Ministry of Health in its tuberculosis response; we provide technical support in Misrata and Tripoli, and provide diagnosis and treatment to patients in two facilities. We provide ante- and postnatal care to mostly Libyan women in Bani Walid.

Q&A with Libya HoM, Beatrice Lau _ENG
video

Libya Head of Mission, Beatrice Lau

Dire conditions for migrants and refugees in detention centres in Libya

Our returned Head of Mission Beatrice Lau describes the conditions for migrants and refugees in detention centers in Libya. MSF suspended activities in the detention centres in Tripoli in late June 2021, as a response to the level and rate of violence observed towards migrants and refugees held indefinitely in Libya’s detention centres. Despite this latest decision, efforts to intercept, forcibly return and arbitrarily detain men, women and children in detention centres in Libya are ongoing.

Our activities in 2023 in Libya

Data and information from the International Activity Report 2023.

MSF in Libya in 2023 In 2023, Médecins Sans Frontières provided essential healthcare to refugees, asylum seekers and migrants in Libya. Thousands are held in overcrowded detention centres, and hundreds of thousands are living in precarious conditions in urban settings.
Libya IAR Map 2023

In western Libya, our teams offered medical and mental healthcare to people living in vulnerable circumstances, in particular migrants, refugees and asylum seekers, who otherwise have no access to medical services. In Zuwara, our activities included general healthcare, gynaecological consultations and mental health support for both Libyan and non-Libyan patients. In Misrata, our teams conducted medical consultations in a prison and organised referrals for detainees requiring specialist treatment.

In the capital, Tripoli, our teams provided general healthcare, mental health support, and sexual and reproductive health services to migrants, refugees and asylum seekers held in detention centres. We continued to witness and hear accounts of people being assaulted, sexually abused, beaten, killed and systematically deprived of their most basic human rights, including proper access to food, water, sanitation and medical care, inside these facilities. Additionally, people told our staff about practices of forced labour, kidnapping, human trafficking, extortion and other human rights abuses in Libya.

Tuberculosis (TB) remained another focus of our activities in Libya in 2023. We continued to support the Ministry of Health TB unit in Zuwara and the isolation unit for the treatment of multidrug-resistant TB in Misrata chest hospital.
 
Throughout 2023, our teams were repeatedly denied entry to Tripoli detention centres, and eventually lost access completely by August. By late August, we ended medical activities in Tripoli detention centres and urban settings. We also ended our support to the National Programme on Tuberculosis and at Abu-Setta hospital for respiratory diseases by the end of 2023.

In September, severe flooding devastated the coastal city of Derna in eastern Libya. More than 4,000 people died in a few hours, and 8,000 were reported missing. Our teams responded to the disaster by donating medical items and conducting medical and mental health consultations through three general healthcare centres.

 

in 2023
 
Aquarius SAR: Winter conditions and high seas
Mediterranean migration

How to stop the rising tide of death in Mediterranean

Voices from the Field 18 Jan 2017
 
Libya

Providing healthcare to detained refugees and migrants

Project Update 14 Dec 2016
 
Bourbon Argos Search and Rescue Operations November 2016
Mediterranean migration

10 things you need to know about the Mediterranean crisis

Project Update 2 Dec 2016
 
25 People Found Dead & 246 Rescued By MSF
Mediterranean migration

29 people found dead by MSF search and rescue ship Bourbon Argos

Press Release 26 Oct 2016
 
No respite from violence for refugees in Calais
France

Migrants fears pile up as pressure on Jungle camp builds

Project Update 19 Sep 2016
 
Al Marj Hospital, Libya
Libya

Strengthening quality of care in a health system destabilized by years of conflict

Project Update 16 Sep 2016
 
22 people lost their lives at sea and 209 rescued
Mediterranean migration

MSF doctor recounts finding deaths at sea

Voices from the Field 25 Jul 2016
 
Migrants Detention Centers Libya 2016
Photo Story

Trapped in transit - refugees, migrants and asylum seekers locked up in Libya

22 Jul 2016
Photo Story
 
Zwara, Libya
Libya

Zuwara is peaceful, but health is a major concern

Voices from the Field 27 May 2016